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{"id":944,"date":"2024-11-09T18:50:42","date_gmt":"2024-11-09T15:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/blog-post_32-4\/"},"modified":"2024-11-09T18:50:42","modified_gmt":"2024-11-09T15:50:42","slug":"blog-post_32-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/2024\/11\/09\/blog-post_32-4\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"1. \u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644 :<\/b>
\n\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0640 \u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0640 \u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 !
\n2. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u2033\u0623\u0648\u0631\u2033 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u0641\u062a\u0643\u062a \u0628\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0627\u0621 !<\/p>\n
3. \u0642\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0641 :<\/b>
\n\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 (\u062b\u0645\u0648\u062f) \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0630\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d (\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) \u0643\u064f\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 !<\/p>\n
4. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a :\u00a0<\/b>
\n\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0630\u064f\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0647 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u063a\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0650\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062c\u064e\u0633\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0623\u0636\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 !<\/p>\n
5. \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1303 \u0642.\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u061f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064e\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b !<\/p>\n
6. \u0632\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062a :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 650 \u0642.\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 !
\n
\n<\/b>
\n7. \u0628\u0648\u0630\u0627 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 563 \u0642.\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u064e\u062e\u0650\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e !<\/p>\n
8. \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0633 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629551 \u0642.\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a !<\/p>\n
9. \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0633 :\u00a0<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 73 \u0642.\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 !<\/p>\n
10. \u0634\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a (\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644) :
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 6 \u0645 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0647\u0629 !<\/p>\n
11. \u0641\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 130\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0648\u0643\u0633 !<\/p>\n
12. \u0646\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0633 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 386 \u0645 \u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 !<\/p>\n
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1. \u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0644 : \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0640 \u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0640 \u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 ! 2. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0631\u0648\u062f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rank_math_lock_modified_date":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[163],"tags":[17828,17829,17834,17833,17830,17832,17835,17831],"class_list":["post-944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-163","tag-17828","tag-17829","tag-17834","tag-17833","tag-17830","tag-17832","tag-17835","tag-17831"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/njmsyria.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/unnamed-file-9.png?fit=584%2C301&ssl=1","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pb223z-fe","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=944"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":126273,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/944\/revisions\/126273"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/njmsyria.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\n\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1075\u0645\u0640 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1125\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0645 (\u0623\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637) \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b (\u0627\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0645\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0643\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0630\u0643\u0645) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0623\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u062f\u0647 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629\u00a0 1165\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0643\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0627 1.800.000 \u0648\u0636\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 !
\n
\n<\/b>
\n25. \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0648 :\u00a0<\/b>
\n\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1217\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1420\u0645 , \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0651\u064e \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u063a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 140.000 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 100.000<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1469\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0635\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 (\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631)
\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0641\u0644\u064a !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1487\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646
\n\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1500\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u063a (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 !
\n
\n<\/b>
\n31. \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 :<\/b>
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1530\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1710\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0651\u064e \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064f\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0648\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 15 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1732\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 (1789-1797) \u0634\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1769\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1809\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u0646 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1833\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1867 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064f\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1848\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1835\u0645 \u060c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0628\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a (1865-1909) \u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1885
\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062a\u0644 10 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1888\u0645 \u060c \u0636\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u060c \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0642 \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1818\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u064f\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1870\u0645 \u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 1917- 1924 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1878\u0645 \u060c \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 10 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0649\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 !
\n\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 (\u0633\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627) \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647 :
\n(\u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0646\u0642 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u064b \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064f\u0639\u0628 \u064a\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0644\u0623\u064f\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629\u064b \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0646\u0627)<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1881\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1883\u0645 \u060c \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1922-1943 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1889\u0645 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1933- 1945 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1938\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0635\u062f\u062a 50 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0644 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1884\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1945 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u064f\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f 1902 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a 1989\u060c \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (1979-1989) \u0623\u0637\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1941\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1989 \u0648 2000 \u060c \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 200 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u062c\u0651\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 5 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 !<\/p>\n
\n\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0629 1946\u0645 \u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u06462001 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2009 \u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0636\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 !<\/p>\n<\/div>\n